Wiring of a simple lighting point controlled by a simple switch
In the perspective view, space that is lit by a simple lighting point controlled by a simple switch from a specific point is depicted. The lighting point is placed in the middle of the room’s ceiling, so that the room can be evenly lit, while the switch is placed by the door in order to be easily handled. The installation of a simple lighting point that is controlled by a simple switch is suitable for small spaces with little functional prerequisites.
Simple switches consist of two terminals and a switch key. Their construction is such so that they can bear an electric charge of 10A, an electrical voltage of 250V and are placed within a 90-140 cm distance from the floor. For the wiring, copper, single strand wires, insulated HO7V-U conductors with a 1,5mm2 cross-section are used, which pass through a plastic pipeline with a Φ 13,5mm diameter. The conductors are black colored for the phase, red colored for the simple switch-lighting point wiring and blue for the neutral one. In case of lighting point’s wiring where there is a metal frame, a grounding cable should reach the lighting point’s screw terminals up on the ceiling and be connected to the light. The grounding cable is also single-strand wires, yellow-green colored, with a 1,5mm2 cross-section.
The necessary materials and parts for the implementation of the electrical circuit are displayed in the following image, where someone can see their single-pole representation and multi-pole representation symbols.
Wiring: The phase conductor L is connected to one simple switch terminal, the second switch terminal is connected to the lighting point’s terminal, while the neutral conductor is connected to the other lighting point’s terminal.
MULTI-POLE REPRESANTATION
Wiring of a lighting point with an electric socket under the switch
In indoor electrical installations the electrical appliances need a socket and a plug in order to work. In modern apartments these sockets belong to an independent socket circuit with a 2,5mm2 conductors’ cross-section. However, in cases where the placing point of the socket is quite remote from the independent socket circuit, a socket can be connected to the lighting circuit. That socket can bear a charge up to 10A, is connected with 1,5mm2 cross-section wires and is placed under the switch within a 30cm minimum distance from the floor.
For the wiring, copper, single strand wires, insulated HO7V-U conductors with a 1,5mm2 cross-section are used. The conductors are black colored for the phase, red colored for the simple switch-light connection, blue for the neutral and yellow-green for the grounding. The wires pass through a plastic pipeline of a Φ13,5mm diameter.
The necessary materials and parts for the circuit implementation are displayed in the following image where someone can see their single–pole representation and multi-pole representation symbols.
Wiring: The phase conductor L is connected to one switch terminal, the second switch terminal is connected to a lighting point’s terminal, while the neutral conductor is connected to the other lighting point’s terminal.
MULTI-POLE REPRESANTATION
Wiring of two lighting points controlled by a double switch Wiring: The phase conductor L is connected to one switch terminal. Each of the two remaining switch terminals is connected to a lighting point terminal. The remaining terminals of the lighting points are connected with the neutral conductor. MULTI-POLE REPRESANTATION
In cases where we want control over two lighting points which work independently from one place, a double switch is used. A double switch is also used for the control of lighting points or groups of lighting points of a chandelier, where each switch key controls either one lighting point or a group of lighting points. The double switches consist of three switch terminals and two switch keys. Each key controls a lighting point, they are made to bear a 10A electrical charge, 250V voltage and they are placed within a 90-140 cm distance from the floor. For the wiring, copper, single-strand wire, HO7V-U insulated conductors with a 1,5mm2 cross-section that pass through a plastic pipeline of a Φ13,5mm diameter are used.
The conductors are black colored for the phase, red colored for the connection between the switch and the lighting points and blue for the neutral wire. The wires pass through a plastic pipeline with a Φ13,5mm diameter. In case of a lighting’ s wiring where there is a metal frame, a grounding cable should reach the lighting point’s terminal blocks up on the ceiling and be connected to the light. The grounding cable is also single-strand wire, yellow-green colored, with a 1,5mm2 cross-section.
The necessary materials and parts for the implementation of the electrical circuit are displayed in the following image, where someone can see their single-pole representation and multi-pole representation symbols.
Wiring of a lighting point which works from two different places with two-way switches
In large spaces (such as halls, staircases, bedrooms) controlling a lighting point from two places is needed. For this purpose, two-way switches are used. Every two-way switch can turn on and off the lighting point. Moreover, it is possible for the one switch to turn the light on and the other one to turn it off or the other way round respectively.
The two-way switches consist of three switch terminals and a switch key. For their wiring, copper, single-strand, HO7V-U insulated conductors with a 1,5mm2 cross- section that pass through a plastic pipeline of a Φ13,5mm diameter are used.
The conductors are black colored for the phase, brown colored for the extreme switch terminal’s connection with each other, red colored for the connection of the second switch with the lighting point, blue for the neutral and yellow-green for the grounding, if one is needed.
The necessary materials and parts for the circuit implementation are displayed in the following image, where someone can see their single-pole representation and multi-pole representation symbols.
Wiring: The phase conductor L is connected to the intermediate switch terminal of the first two-way switch. The remaining two terminals of the first switch are connected to the respective terminals of the second switch. The intermediate switch terminal of the second switch is connected to one terminal of the lighting point, while the second lighting point terminal is connected to the neutral conductor.
MULTI-POLE REPRESANTATION
Wiring of a lighting point which works from three different places with an intermediate and two two-way switches
In considerably large spaces, such as long halls, it is essential that the function of the lighting points is controlled by more than two places. In these cases, the light circuit wiring that is used is the circuit where a lighting point is controlled by three or even more places with the combined use of two two-way switches and one or more intermediate switches.The intermediate switch consists of four switch terminals and a switch key. For their wiring, copper, single-strand, HO7V-U insulated conductors with a 1,5mm2 cross-section that pass through a plastic pipeline of a Φ13,5mm diameter are used. The conductors are: black colored for the phase and the connection cable of the second two-way switch with the lighting point, brown colored for the connection of the intermediate switch with the first two-way switch, red colored for the connection of the intermediate switch with the second two-way switch, blue colored for the connection of the lighting point with the neutral conductor and yellow-green for the grounding, if one is needed.
The necessary materials and parts for the circuit implementation are displayed in the following image where someone can see their single-pole representation and multi-pole representation symbols.
Wiring: The phase conductor L is connected to the middle terminal of the first two-way switch. The two remaining switch terminals of the first switch are connected to the upper switch terminals of the intermediate switch. The other two terminals of the intermediate switch are connected with the upper terminals of the second two-way switch and the middle terminal of the second switch is connected to one terminal of the lighting point. The other terminal of the lighting point is connected to the neutral conductor.
MULTI-POLE REPRESANTATION
